Cadmium (Cd)
Propriétés générales
| Symbole | Cd |
|---|---|
| Numéro atomique | 48 |
| Masse atomique | 112.411 |
| Groupe |
12 (Famille du zinc)
IIB (IUPAC), IIB (CAS)
Solid, Diamagnetic, Conductor, Transition Metal, Metal, Stable, Natural
|
| Période | 5 |
| Bloc | d |
Propriétés physiques
| Densité | 8.65 g/cm3 |
|---|---|
| Volume atomique | 13.1 cm3/mole |
| Rayon atomique | 1.71 angstroms |
| Rayon de covalence | 148 pm |
| Crust Abundance | 0.000015% |
| Crystal Structure | Hexagonal |
| Color | Silver |
États
| Point de fusion | 320.9 °C |
|---|---|
| Point d’ébullition | 765.0 °C |
| Chaleur de fusion | 6.07 kJ/mol |
| Chaleur de vaporisation | 99.87 kJ/mol |
Énergie
| Électronégativité | 1.7 (Échelle de Pauling) |
|---|---|
| Affinité électronique | 0 kJ/mol |
| Énergie de première | 868 kJ/mol |
| 2e Ionization Energy | 1631.4 kJ/mol |
| 3e Ionization Energy | 3616 kJ/mol |
| Capacité thermique | 0.233 J g−1 K−1 |
| Conductivité thermique | 96.8 W·m−1·K−1 |
Électrons et Oxydation
| États d’oxydation | 2 |
|---|---|
| Électrons par couche | 2 8 18 18 2 |
| Configuration électronique | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 |
| 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 | |
|
Diagrammes d’orbitales
1s ↿⇂ 2s ↿⇂ 2p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 3s ↿⇂ 3p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 3d ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 4s ↿⇂ 4p ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 4d ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ 4f 5s ↿⇂ 5p 5d 5f |
|
Nuclear
| Radioactif | Non |
|---|
Média
- Description
- Soft, malleable, blue-white metal.
- Uses
- Used in nickel-cadmium batteries. Also in electroplating steel and in the manufacture of berings. Its compounds are found in paint pigments and a wide variety of intense colors. Boiling cadmium gives off a weird, yellow-colored vapor that is poisonous.
- Sources
- Obtained as a by product of zinc refining.
- Pronounciation (English)
- KAD-me-em
Traductions
| Afrikaans | Kadmium | |
| Aragonese | Cadmio | |
| العربية | كادميوم | |
| Armãneashte | Cadmiumu | |
| asturianu | Cadmiu | |
| azərbaycan | Kadmium | |
| български | Кадмий | |
| বাংলা | ক্যাডমিয়াম | |
| brezhoneg | Kadmiom | |
| bosanski | Kadmij[um] | |
| Byelorussian | Кадмій | |
| Cebuano | Cadmyo | |
| čeština | Kadmium | |
| Chuvash | Кадми | |
| Cymraeg | Cadmi | |
| dansk | Cadmium, Kadmium | |
| Deutsch | Kadmium | |
| Ελληνικά | Καδμιο | |
| English | Cadmium | |
| esperanto | Kadmio | |
| español | Cadmio | |
| eesti | Kaadmium | |
| euskara | Kadmioa | |
| فارسی | کادمیم | |
| suomi | Kadmium | |
| føroyskt | Kadmium | |
| français | Cadmium | |
| furlan | Cadmi | |
| Frysk | Cadmium | |
| Gaeilge | Caidmiam | |
| Gàidhlig | Caidmiam | |
| galego | Cadmio | |
| ગુજરાતી | કૅડમિયમનો | |
| Gaelg | Cadmium | |
| Hakka Chinese | Kak (鎘) | |
| עברית | קדמיום | |
| हिन्दी | काडमियम | |
| hrvatski | Kadmij | |
| magyar | Kadmium | |
| հայերեն | Կադմիում | |
| Indonesia | Kadmium | |
| íslenska | Kadmín | |
| italiano | Cadmio | |
| 日本語 | カドミウム | |
| ქართული | კადმიუმი | |
| کٲشُر | Kadm | |
| қазақ тілі | Кадмий | |
| 한국어 | 카드뮴 | |
| kurdî | Kadmiyûm | |
| Komi | Кадмий | |
| kernewek | Cadmyum | |
| кыргызча | Кадмий | |
| Latin | Cadmium | |
| Lëtzebuergesch | Kadmium | |
| Lombard | Càdmi | |
| lingála | Kademu | |
| lietuvių | Kadmis | |
| latviešu | Kadmijs | |
| Mari | Кадмий | |
| Māori | Cadmium | |
| македонски | Кадмиум | |
| മലയാളം | കാഡ്മിയം | |
| монгол | Кадми | |
| Мокшан | Кадми | |
| Melayu | Kadmium | |
| Malti | Kadmju[m] | |
| Nahuatl | Cadmio | |
| Nederlands | Cadmium | |
| norsk | Kadmium | |
| Occitan | Cadmi | |
| ирон | Кадмий | |
| polski | Kadm | |
| português | Cádmio | |
| Runasimi | Kadmiyu | |
| română | Cadmiu | |
| русский | Кадмий | |
| slovenčina | Kadmium | |
| slovenščina | Kadmij | |
| Samoan | Kadmimi | |
| Samogitian | Kadmis | |
| shqip | Kadmium | |
| српски | Кадмијум | |
| Southern Sotho | Kadmiamo | |
| svenska | Kadmium | |
| Kiswahili | Kadimi | |
| தமிழ் | கட்மியம் | |
| тоҷикӣ | Кадмий | |
| ไทย | แคดเมียม | |
| Türkçe | Kadmiyum | |
| ئۇيغۇرچە | كادمىي | |
| українська | Кадмій | |
| o‘zbek | Kadmiy | |
| Tiếng Việt | Catmi, Cađimi | |
| Võro | Kaadmium | |
| 中文 | 鎘 |
Histoire
- Découvert en
- 1817
- Découvert par
- Friedrich Strohmeyer
- Découvert à/au/dans
- Germany
- Étymologie
- Somewhat confusingly, from the Latin word "cadmia" meaning "calamine" (zinc carbonate, ZnCO3) and from the Greek word "kadmeia" with the same meaning.